After the 200th episode of South Park, I, giddy with excitement from the show's well-crafted and intelligent take on the "anniversary episode," began writing a two-part column called, "South Park: TV's Best Satire Ever," intending to publish the second part of the article after the airing of the second part of the show's anniversary special.
That's when the trouble started.
Normally, I don't kill myself to watch the first airing of a South Park episode because I know that there will be a re-airing but a few hours later, and that show creators Trey Parker and Matt Stone, in their infinite wisdom, allow one to stream any episode on their website (for free). It's a good thing I didn't wait, because the episode was NOT available at a later time slot, was NOT available online, and canNOT be accessed by any alternative means as of now. If you were to go to the website, southparkstudios.com, and try to reach the episode, this is what you'd see:
There's a lot to this story. After the airing of the 200th episode, which, as I discussed in my previous South Park article, revisited the issue of Comedy Central's censorship of Muhammad, Parker, Stone, and Comedy Central started to receive veiled death threats from a group called Revolution Muslim. The group published the address of Comedy Central's offices as well as the studio offices where South Park is filmed, and published sermons calling for the "assassination of those who defame Muhammad."
(Now, what I really want to concentrate on is the censorship controversy, so rather than explain what I think of Revolution Muslim, I'll just put this picture up instead)
This, of course, is Kurt Vonnegut's drawing of an asshole.
To continue: So I found myself one of the lucky 3.5 million viewers who got to watch any form of episode 201 so far. That 3.5 million number beat out every other television show in that time slot, which should indicate to some extent both the quality of South Park, and its prominence in the national dialogue.
But what I saw was
not the 201st episode as the show's creators had written it. Comedy Central inserted many, many, more bleeps between receiving the episode from the creators, and the episode's airing. Some, (myself included) thought this was some sort of meta-joke, an attempt by Parker and Stone to lampoon Comedy Central's censoring of Muhammad's image in episode 200. And as a meta joke it worked... sort of. But because the censorship was so prominent, rather than being able to actually concentrate on the episode (featuring such shocking revelations as the fact Eric Cartman's father was actually his nemesis Scott Tenerman's father as well [devoted fans will remember that Cartman killed Tenerman's parents and fed them to him]) I found myself wondering what was actually
supposed to be happening in this episode.
In episode 200, while Muhammad's image was censored, his name was not. This allowed the show to dress Muhammad up in a silly bear mascot costume and use the substituted icon for depicting the prophet. Part of my former article was going to praise this use of iconology in order to sidestep censorship issues.
Yet it was all for naught, as in episode 201, even the bear costume was censored (and, oddly enough, it didn't even turn out to contain Muhammad, but rather, Santa Claus) as well as any utterance of Muhammad's name. If you didn't see episode 200, there is no way you would have known that Muhammad was involved in episode 201 (currently, episode 200 is not showing on Comedy Central and cannot be streamed until May 15th online). Also, the show's final monologue - fans know that South Park likes to sum up the lesson of every episode with one clear, concise explanation - was censored in its entirety, with about thirty seconds straight of bleeps. Apparently and ironically, the monologue did not mention Muhammad at all, and according to Stone and Parker, "was about intimidation and fear."
So that's the story behind the storm. It's quite amazing that a cheaply made cartoon about little boys who like to curse has become embroiled in such a national controversy. All the major news outlets took time to cover the story, and Jon Stewart even editorialized on the subject for about ten minutes on Thursday's Daily Show.
Take that in contrast to Bill O'Reilly's view of the issue.
Though his commentary doesn't exactly condemn South Park, what he sort of says is that the show is playing with fire. Unlike Jon Stewart, who, while acknowledging that Comedy Central would be in a precarious position if they aired the episode (it wouldn't be fair to put other Comedy Central employees at risk), editorializes with a condemnation of the intimidation tactics that ignited the firestorm surrounding the episode to begin with.
And I think the contrast between Stewart's and O'Reilly's takes on the issue is important to understanding the implications of this censorship. Onus falls to the victim in O'Reilly's case, while with Stewart, it is clearly the attacker that is condemned. What O'Reilly says about South Park is akin to saying that if a girl gets raped, she is at least partly responsible if she was wearing revealing clothing. In other words, the show got what was coming to them.
This has dangerous implications for free speech. Some people (like O'Reilly it would seem) would have satire sacrifice subversiveness in favor of comfort and safety. It's understandable why he would take this position. After all, the function of satire is to be a check on the powers that be. Fox, with its establishment as the head of the cable news community, is one such power. And this isn't the first time that O'Reilly has lashed out at satire. Just this week, the Factor aired a lengthy segment that featured criticism of the Daily Show by both O'Reilly and Bernie Goldberg.
What O'Reilly and Goldberg are doing, that is, trying to marginalize the most influential voices of satire, is protective of Fox's power, but in my opinion, unprotective of America. Without checks on the national discourse, people become more and more emboldened to one particular political view. In this country, that leads to more and more polarization. In de facto fundamentalist societies, it leads to mindless adherence to religious dogma.
And that leads to things like
this
The censorship of music in Somalia only underscores the poignancy of South Park episodes 200 and 201, and the need for the show to continue to push the envelope as it always has. When the show originally began, it was about putting fart jokes on TV. Then they pushed the envelope on insulting celebrities. Then they pushed the envelope on televised cursing (Anyone remember the Sh*t episode?). Then they pushed the envelope on religious intolerance. Then they saw how far they could push Scientology (daring them to sue the show). If we think about where we are now, versus where we were 13 years ago when the show came on air, we come to realize the enormous forward progress that we have had in terms of freedom of speech.
But think about this: In 2001, just a few months before September 11th, South Park did a show entitled the Super Best Friends, in which they imagined the leaders of all the world's biggest religions as a team of evil-fighting compatriots. And, gasp, Muhammad was pictured. Then, Six years later, in the episode Cartoon Wars, Comedy Central censored his image. Now, his image, and any uttering of the prophet(Peace Be Upon Him)'s name has been bleeped. Should we not be alarmed by this backward slide?
Here's what, for me, is the crux of the situation: Trey Parker and Matt Stone are not "shock artists." They're not defecating on a canvas, or dousing themselves in blue paint and running naked through the halls. They are skilled craftsmen that are trying to advance the conversation. Whether or not you agree with what they say on a particular issue (and South Park has criticized both the Right and the Left) they have earned the right to have a voice. And the forces trying to hold back, stifle, and silence them, whether by intimidation tactics or marginalization, are the enemies to both the first amendment, and indeed (I'm on a soapbox now) human progress.
So, Trey and Matt, my hat's off to you. And to show my support, here is their depiction of good ole' M. (Peace Be Upon Him [lest we forget that in reality, Islam is a peaceful and good-natured religion]).
Thanks for reading everyone. If you're interested in hearing Parker and Stone talk about their work, here are links to parts 1-4 of a really good interview on Fresh Air.
And if, for whatever reason, you can't access the Daily Show clips through the embedded links, here are links to the actual website.
http://www.thedailyshow.com/watch/tue-april-20-2010/bernie-goldberg-fires-back
http://www.thedailyshow.com/watch/thu-april-22-2010/south-park-death-threats
More lighthearted fanfare tomorrow. Deidre!